부사

[부사]

* 부사와 짝으로 외외야 하는 표현 - heavily discounted: 많이 할인된 - cautiously optimistic: 조심스레 낙관적인 - conveniently located: 편리하게 위치한 - well deserved: 마땅히 그럴만한 - well organized: 계획성 있는, 잘 편성된 - well maintained: 유지 보수가 잘 된 - well qualified: 충분히 자격을 갖춘 * sparsely populated(=sparingly populated): 인구 밀도가 드문. <--> densely populated: 인구 밀도가 높은  * 숫자 수식 부사 -  approximately = nearly = almost = about = around = roughly  - more than <-> less than - at least <-> up to EX) Approximately 10, 000 workers will be laid off next month

* very는 부사이기 때문에 형용사  / 부사를 수식 가능. 즉, 동사를 보고 판단해야 함.
1. Because of the relatively large size of individual loans, our loan procedures have become very ___ and stringent.
(A) thoroughly (B) thoroughness (C) through (D) most through

2. All the reports should be reviewed very ____ before sending them to the vice president.
(A) thoroughly (B) thoroughness (C) through (D) most through

1. ~ become very 형용사 and stringent. 2. ~ should be reviewed very 부사.

3. Assessment report will be delivered to you by email and you can ______ contact us to discuss the report.
(A) usually (B) subsequently (C) consequently (D) indecisively

* subsequently: 이후에 VS consequently: 원인에 따른 결과로써. 답) B

4. ______ countries will collaboratively hold a wide number of culture events to foster welfare policies.
(A) Whole (B) Both (C) Each (D) Every

* the whole + 집합명사(단수형태) - the whole / entire class 답) B

5. Lillian Hamilton,_____ the Accounting manager, became a director last month.
(A) past (B) still (C) once (D) now

* once(부사): 한때, past(형용사) : 과거의 답) C

6. The property prices in the downtown area of the city have become so expensive that many retailers avoid leasing property in that area _____.
(A) altogether (B) whenever (C) hardly (D) never

* altogether(부사): 완전히/전적으로 답) A

7. It is ___________ important to advertise your brand so that the company's name is visible to all and gets good amount of attention.
(A) all th more (B) too much (C) most of (D) many more

* ____ important는 부사의 자리. - all the more: 더욱더. 답) A

8. _______ one of our newly released products has been very successful in the market this year.
(A) None (B) Nothing (C) No (D) Not

* one of 복수 명사: one은 대명사로 부사의 수식을 받을 수 있다. 답) D

9. _______ thereafter, individuals will be able to pay all their bill using smart cards that consolidate all their financial and personal data into single master accounts.
(A) Lastely (B) Most (C) Short (D) Soon

* thereafter(부사): 그 이후에 - Shortly / Soon thereafter : 바로 그 이후에 답) D

* 최근까지: until recently / lately * 늦게까지: until late * 나중까지:until later

10. After _____ undergoing all the formal training courses available, Ms. Young found it was much easier to write reports and make presentations before a group.
(A) careful (B) most (C) extremely (D) throughly

* extremely는 (매우/극도로)의 의미로 동사를 수식하지 않고 주로 형용사를 수식한다. - extremely complicated - extremely useful - extremely important - extremely successful ex) She found it extremely difficult to get a job.  답) D

11. It is important to review the presentation material before giving it to ______ twenty people participating in the meeting.

(A) more (B) even (C) also  (D) over

* 숫자 수식 부사. 1) over = more than 2) approximately = about = around = roughly = nearly = almost 3) up to <-> at least 답) D

12. The announcement of a possible merger has _____ affected the company, and the company's stock prices have fallen substantially.

(A) favorably (B) roughly (C) vividly (D) adversely

* adversely affected: 악영향을 끼치다. - vividly: 분명하게 / 선명하게 - adversely: 역으로/악형향으로 답) D

 

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[beside / ~옆에]
1.  _______ utilizing traditional research methods, researchers also conduct focus groups, interviews and boservations to determine basic characteristics of this ever-charming market segment.
(A) Besides (B) In addition (C) During (D) Even through.

1) beside(전치사): ~ 옆에 2) besides(부사): 게다가 3) besides(전치사): ~이외에

2.  To fully enjoy the beautiful scenery of the country, Arm's family decided to move into the house ____ the river.
(A) over (B) next (C) nearby (D) beside.

* ____ the river(명사) 구조 임으로 전치사 자리 1) beside(전치사): ~ 옆에 2) nearby는 (형용사/부사) - nearby river / the river nearby 3) next to(전치사) ~옆에 답) D

 

3. You can find a quest parking lot which is located ____ the back entrance of the building.
(A) adjacent (B) on (C) down (D) near

* near: (전치사/형용사) ~근처에(시간/장소) * adjacent(형용사), adjacent to(전치사) = close to: ~근처에 * in the vicinity = 근처에

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[Since]
1.  The problems that occurred during the pilot project have _____ been fixed, and the project is set to launch.
(A) since (B) soon (C) previously (D) often.

* occur: 발생하다 = emerged/arose: 문제점 따위가 발생하다. * soon(부사): 곧 - 미래 시제와 사용된다. 1) since(전치사): ~로 부터 이후: 현재완료/과거완료 2) since(접속사): ~한 이후로(현재완료/과거완료) / 때문에 3) since(부사): 그 이후로(현재 / 현재완료 / 과거완료)

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[enough]
1.  .
(A) (B) (C) (D) .

* enough 1) 형용사 - enough + N + to R : enough money to buy the car 2) 부사 - 형 / 부사 + enough to R: rich enough to buy the car

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[much too / too much]
1.  Letters of complaints are usually _____ trouble to write and are more likely to be written by a minority of better educated consumers.
(A) much too (B) few (C) plenty (D) too much.

* much too + a + N 1) much는 부사 too를 강조하는 부사. 즉, much / far too는 자체가 부사이기 때문에 뒤에 형용사를 수식함. - enough + N + to R : enough money to buy the car 2) too much + N - too much는 형용사로 바로 뒤에 명사를 수식함. * trouble은 명사: 문제점이기 때문에 이를 수식하는 형용사가 필요 답) D

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[명사를 꾸밀수 있는 부사 수식어]
1.  ____ owners of the smallest businesses recognize the great importance of understanding what customers want and why they make a purchase.
(A) Even (B) Seldom (C) Very (D) Although.

- Only the dedicated managers decided to stay with the company. - Mr. Park is quite an asset to our association. - It proved to be just a misunderstanding between the shift leader and workers. - He is the very man who donated a lot of funds to the charity event. * Even(심지어 ~까지도)은 부사로써 명사, 구, 절 앞에서 강조 가능. * the very + N의 구조로 "바로 그 N"로 사용되는 경우에만 명사를 수식할 수 있다.

2.  Treating employees ______ with dignity will build strong rapport between companies and their own workers.
(A) respect (B) respectful (C) respectfully (D) respected.

- 동명사는 형용사 수식이 불가능하다. 동명사의 경우 동사의 성격이 있음으로 부사의 수식 가능. 답: C